Plant Science http://repository.mtu.edu.et/xmlui/handle/123456789/32 2026-05-27T20:28:31Z 2026-05-27T20:28:31Z negash, haile Mohammed, Muktar http://repository.mtu.edu.et/xmlui/handle/123456789/343 2025-05-02T11:10:46Z 2014-01-01T00:00:00Z

Soil Fertility in Koka Nagawo Area of Lumme District in East Shoa Zone of Oromia Region, Ethiopia negash, haile; Mohammed, Muktar East African Journal of Sciences (2014) Volume 8 (1) 1-12 ___________________________________________ *Corresponding Author. E-mail: muktarmoha@yahoo.com ©Haramaya University, 2014 ISSN 1992-0407 Soil Fertility in Koka Nagawo Area of Lumme District in East Shoa Zone of Oromia Region, Ethiopia Haile Negash1 and Muktar Mohammed2* 1 Mizan-Tepi University, Department of Plant Science, P O Box 260, Mizan Teferi, Ethiopia 2 Haramaya University, College of Agriculture & Environmental Sciences, P O Box 138, Dire Dawa, Ethiopia Abstract: For designing proper soil fertility management interventions, locally specific information on physical, chemical, and biological properties of soils is indispensable. Therefore, a study was conducted to assess the spatial variability in the fertility status of soil of Koka Nagawo area of Lumme District in East Shoa Zone of Oromia Regional State, Ethiopia, based on selected soil physico- chemical properties. Eleven land units were delineated and mapped based on their soil color, slope, drainage, and soil management practices which were assumed to cause variability in soil fertility status among the land units. Eleven composite surface (0-20 cm) soil samples were collected randomly from each land unit and selected soil physico-chemical properties determined in the laboratory. The results of the study revealed that the soils of all land units on rain-fed agriculture (land units 1, 2, 3, 7, 8, and 11) had a clay loam texture but the soil of all land units on irrigated agriculture in floodplain (land units 4, 5, 6, 9, and 10) had a clay texture. The highest bulk density (1.38gcm-3) was recorded for land units 1 and 3 and the lowest (1.16gcm-3) was recorded for land units 4 and 10. The percent total porosity of all the land units was found to be very high. The pH values ranged from slightly alkaline to moderately alkaline for all land units. Land units 4 and 10 had high organic matter contents and land units 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9 had moderate organic matter contents whereas the remaining land units had low organic matter contents. Available P contents of the soils from land units 1, 2, 3, 7, 8 and 11 were medium whereas those of the soils from land units 4, 5, 6, 9, and 10 were high. The cation exchange capacity of the soils of the area ranged from 28.66 to 52.26 cmol(+)/kg soil, which is rated as high and very high, respectively. Exchangeable Ca was very high in irrigated floodplain land units but high in land units of rain-fed agriculture. Exchangeable Mg was high in the land units 4, 5, 6, 9 and 10, medium in land units 7 and 8, low in land units 1, 2, and 11, and very low in land unit 3. All the land units of the area revealed very high exchangeable K contents. Exchangeable Na contents of soils were high in all land units except for land unit 8, which was medium. The values of percent base saturation ranged from high to very high except for land unit 3 which was medium. Generally, the extractable micronutrient cations (Cu, Zn, Mn, and Fe) contents of the soils were found to be at critical levels, below which crops may suffer from deficiency of the nutrients, and low for all land units except land unit 7 which had a high Fe content. The soils of the study area showed potentially rich physical fertility and exchangeable bases except for Mg in some land units of rain-fed agriculture but poor chemical fertility such as alkalinity and low availability of most of the micronutrients. In addition, all land units of rain-fed agriculture low contents of soil organic matter and total N except land units 7 and 8. It could be concluded that the soils of the study areas have no limitation in terms of physical condition as well as availability of cations, but are constrained by low contents of micronutrients and soil organic matter. Therefore, soil fertility management practices in the areas should focus on improving mitigating

2014-01-01T00:00:00Z Biru, Tewodros negash, haile http://repository.mtu.edu.et/xmlui/handle/123456789/342 2025-05-02T11:05:49Z 2020-09-09T00:00:00Z

Estimation of Correlation and Path Analysis of Yield and Yield-Contributing Traits of Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Genotypes in Southwestern Ethiopia Biru, Tewodros; negash, haile Forty-nine bread wheat genotypes were tested at Chena, Masha and Shay Bench, southwestern Ethiopia in 2017 and 2018 with the objective of estimating the association among yield and yield-contributing traits and determining the direct and indirect effect of the traits on the grain yield of wheat genotypes using 7x7 simple lattice design. Data were collected for 12 agronomic characters. Grain yield showed significant (p≤0.01) positive phenotypic correlations with thousand-kernel weight, aboveground biomass, harvest index at the locations except for plant height at Masha. Similarly, grain yield showed significant (p≤0.01) positive genotypic correlations with 1000-kernel weight, aboveground biomass and harvest index at Masha and Shay Bench and only with aboveground biomass and harvest index at Chena. Likewise, significant (p≤0.01) positive and negative phenotypic and genotypic correlations between the yield components were observed at all the locations. As per the path analysis, aboveground biomass, 1000-kernel weight and harvest index showed high positive phenotypic direct effect on grain yield at the locations. Similarly, at genotypic level, aboveground biomass, harvest index and 1000-kernel weight showed highly significant direct effect on the grain yield at the locations. Generally, it has been observed the presence of relationships in the tested traits of the genotypes studied. Hence, selection and hybridization on these genotypes based on the trait with high positive correlation coefficient and direct effect on grain yield can be recommended for further yield improvement of bread wheat at respective location

2020-09-09T00:00:00Z Biru, Tewodros http://repository.mtu.edu.et/xmlui/handle/123456789/341 2025-05-02T11:00:56Z 2020-08-09T00:00:00Z

Role of Enhanced Crop Productivity in Agrobased Development of Ethiopia: Future Perspectives Biru, Tewodros The government concerns have shifted from earlier emphasis on raising foreign exchange earnings by cash crops and the establishment of large-scale commercial farms and neglected cereal production from subsistence farmers which accounted more than 80% of the cultivated area. During the 1974–1991, by large towards increasing productivity of smallholders to attain food self-sufficiency at national level through research-generated information and technologies, increasing the supply of industrial and export crops and ensuring the rehabilitation and conservation of natural resource base. However, population growth, environmental degradation, climate-related decline of yield, low level of farm input innovation, capital constraints are among the pressing constraints. The direction, the rate of change and the level of steps the agriculture sector taking up on the ladder of transformation to commercialized agriculture from its initial subsistence. Of course, it should be noted that, except for the progress made during the last two and half decades, the agricultural sector in Ethiopia had remained stagnant for centuries with limited progress in few specific areas. Consequently, the outcome of the suggestion made in this paper is believed to serve as problem area indicators for concerned stakeholders to develop and implement corrective measures that could help to accelerate the speed of transforming the existing agriculture into profitable agriculture. Crops such as maize, teff, and wheat within the category of cereals have shown an increment that ranges from 1.65 qt/ha to 23.21 qt/ha for maize; from 0.48 qt/ha to 19.89 qt/ha for teff; and from 1.16 to 13.21 qt/ha for wheat over the last five years (2013/14-2017/18). Similarly, crops such as faba beans and linseed have shown an increment that ranges from 0.36 to 14.91 qt/ha for faba beans and from 3.60 to 25.67 qt/ha for linseed over 2013/14 and 2017/18 estimates following the same pattern, the results of the 2018/19. It is hoped and expected that these yield increments would rise further in future with the commitment and adoption of suggestions forwarded in this paper.

2020-08-09T00:00:00Z Lishan, Tesfaye Fessa, Alemu http://repository.mtu.edu.et/xmlui/handle/123456789/327 2025-04-30T10:35:32Z 2023-12-01T00:00:00Z

Elucidating sole application of farmyard manure and blended NPSB fertilizer effects on soil properties at Bench Shako and West Omo zone, South West Ethiopia Lishan, Tesfaye; Fessa, Alemu Soil nutrient depletion is the main problem in Ethiopia for agriculture sector. Comparison of organic and inorganic source of fertilizer is needed for soil physicochemical properties improvement. Hence, the current study was investigated to investigate the sole application of farmyard manure and blended NPSB fertilizer on soil properties. For this investigation, farm yard manure at three level (0,5, and 10 t ha-1) and NPSB at four level (0, 50, 100, and 150 kg ha-1). All collected data were analysed by GenStat software. Sole application of farm yard manure signif- icantly improves soil bulk density ((1.23 gcm3 to 1.11 gcm3 at kuja Guraferda, and 2.22 gcm3 to 1.12 g/cm3 deka Maenit-Goldia) and soil moisture content from 12.14 % to 33.79 % at kuja, and 11.88 % to 36.01%at deka). More over application of farm yard manure improve soil pH (6.15) organic carbon (6.20 mg/kg) available phosphorus (18.94 mg/kg, total nitrogen (0.32), sulfur (18.27), boron, exchangeable base, cation exchange capacity, micronutrients (copper, manganese & zinc). Application of NPSB fertilizer improves only, total nitrogen, available phosphorus, sulfur and boron. Application of Farm yard manure significantly improve soil physicochemical prop- erties than NPSB mineral fertilizer in comparison. Therefore, application of farm yard manure is more important than mineral NPSB fertilizer for sustainable soil physical and chemical properties improvement from soil management aspect. Thus, application farmyard manure at 10 t/ha is recommended for the studied soil at West Omo zone Maenit-Goldia district, Deka kebele, and Bench-Skako zone, Guraferda district at Koyi kebele, south west people regional state, South West Ethiopia.

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